Uguet, Tollin and Morató distinguish recovery from transformation by proposing antifragility as an urban capacity to improve through disruption. Their iconic claim is that crises should not merely trigger restoration of prior functionality but expose structural weaknesses and generate new institutional, spatial and technological arrangements. The theoretical contribution extends resilience discourse toward evolutionary urbanism, combining flexibility, diversity, self-organisation and learning as principles of post-crisis development. Methodologically, the paper derives fifteen principles through critical analysis and interprets trajectories such as Medellín, Singapore and Fukushima as cases where adversity becomes an engine of systemic change. The conceptual operation is productive disturbance: shock becomes information capable of reorganising the city. The wider bridge reaches complexity theory, disaster governance, sustainability transitions and urban regeneration. Its critical limit lies in distribution: a city may become more adaptive while transferring risk or sacrifice to particular groups, so antifragility requires a justice criterion distinguishing collective learning from the selective exploitation of vulnerable populations.